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Abd Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Husayn Birjandi (Persian: عبدعلی مممدبن حسین بیرجندی) (died 1528) was a prominent 16th-century Persian astronomer, mathematician and physicist who lived in Birjand, Iran.
He wrote some more than 13 books and treatises;[1] The following is a partial list of some of his works:
He also wrote some treatises on theology.
In discussing the structure of the cosmos, al-Birjandi continued Ali al-Qushji's debate on the Earth's rotation. In his analysis of what might occur if the Earth were moving, he develops a hypothesis similar to Galileo Galilei's notion of "circular inertia",[5] which he described in the following observational test (as a response to one of Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi's arguments):
"The small or large rock will fall to the Earth along the path of a line that is perpendicular to the plane (sath) of the horizon; this is witnessed by experience (tajriba). And this perpendicular is away from the tangent point of the Earth’s sphere and the plane of the perceived (hissi) horizon. This point moves with the motion of the Earth and thus there will be no difference in place of fall of the two rocks."[6]
Logic, Quran, Metaphysics, Philosophy of science, Al-Biruni
Iran, Avicenna, Nishapur, Astronomy, Persian language
Brahmagupta, Calculus, Integral, Isaac Newton, Trigonometry
Avicenna, Persian language, Ptolemy, Shia Islam, Universe
Isaac Newton, Energy, Mass, Physics, Classical mechanics
Universe, Cosmology, Ptolemy, Earth, Physics
Chinese astronomy, Observation, Tusi-couple, Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī, Maragheh
Avicenna, Astronomy, Mathematics, Persian language, Physics
Avicenna, Omar Khayyám, Universe, Indian astronomy, Nishapur
Avicenna, Sufism, Islamic philosophy, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Rumi