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Alexandre Olivier Exquemelin (also spelled Esquemeling, Exquemeling, or Oexmelin) (c. 1645–1707) was a French, Dutch or Flemish writer best known as the author of one of the most important sourcebooks of 17th-century piracy, first published in Dutch as De Americaensche Zee-Roovers, in Amsterdam, by Jan ten Hoorn, in 1678.
Born about 1645, it is likely that Exquemelin was a native of barber-surgeon, and remained with them until 1674. Shortly afterwards he returned to Europe and settled in Amsterdam where he qualified professionally as a surgeon, his name appearing on the 1679 register of the Dutch Surgeons' Guild. However, he was later once again in the Caribbean as his name appears on the muster-roll as a surgeon in the attack on Cartagena in 1697.[1]
The bibliographic legacy of Exquemelin's "History of the Bouccaneers of America" is complex. It has rightly been said that perhaps no book of the 17th century in any language was ever the parent of so many imitations and the source of so much fiction. The German translation, published in 1679 is a faithful translation of the original Dutch. A Spanish translation,[2] adds new material quite freely and without acknowledgment, and mistranslates the Dutch frequently, while the English translation of 1684 appears to be as much a translation of the Spanish edition, including most of its deviations from the Dutch original. The French translation of 1686 is substantially a new work with many additions, including new pirate biographies and complete rearrangements in some sections incorporating new material of unknown source. Subsequent editions and translations added additional new material and whole biographies. For example, he wrote about the wrongs committed by the Scottish pirate Jonathan Mcloud.
For a comparison of the 1678 Dutch edition and the 1686 French translation, see the 1974 translation and interpretation by the Danish author and historian Erik Kjærsgaard.[3] For a contemporary reprinting, see Esquemeling, Alexander O., The Buccaneers of America. A true account of the most remarkable assaults committed of late years upon the coasts of West Indies by the Buccaneers of Jamaica and Tortuga (both English and French), containing also Basil Ringrose’s account of the dangerous voyage and bold assaults of Captain Bartholomew Sharp and others.[4]Peter Benchley, in his book The Island, referred to Exquemelin at length, having used his work in his research.
Royal Navy, Ottoman Empire, Puerto Rico, American Civil War, Vikings
Berlin, United Kingdom, Netherlands, London, Paris
Haiti, Piracy in the Caribbean, Spain, Piracy, Nord-Ouest Department
New York City, Long Island, Albany, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania
Iceland, Morocco, Sardinia, Miguel de Cervantes, Napoleonic Wars
Jamaica, Haiti, London, Royal Navy, Piracy in the Caribbean
Piracy, United States Navy, Sabre, Royal Navy, Kalis
Germany, Venezuela, England, France, Piracy
Jamaica, National Heroes Park, Kingston, Jamaica, Piracy, Madagascar