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Horace Julian Bond (January 14, 1940 – August 15, 2015) was an Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
Bond was elected to four terms in the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the first president of the Southern Poverty Law Center.[4]
Bond was born at Hubbard Hospital in Nashville, Tennessee, to parents Julia Agnes (Washington) and Horace Mann Bond. His father was an educator who went on to serve as the president of Lincoln University.[5][6] His mother, Julia, was a former librarian at Clark Atlanta University.[7] At the time, the family resided on campus at Fort Valley State College, where Horace was president. The house of the Bonds was a frequent stop for scholars and activists and celebrities passing by, such as W. E. B. Du Bois and Paul Robeson. In 1945 his father was offered the position as the first African-American president of Lincoln University, and the family moved North.[8]
In 1957, Bond graduated from Quaker preparatory boarding school near Newtown in Bucks County, Pennsylvania.[9]
On April 17, 1960, Bond helped co-found the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).[10] He served as the communications director of SNCC from January 1961 to September 1966, when he traveled around
Among 25 honorary degrees, he was awarded:[60]
Bond died from complications of vascular disease on August 15, 2015, in Fort Walton Beach, Florida, aged 75. He is survived by his wife, his five children, James (a brother), Jane Bond Moore (a sister), and eight grandchildren.[40]
On July 28, 1961, Bond married Alice Clopton, a student at Spelman College. They divorced on November 10, 1989. They had five children: Phyllis Jane Bond-McMillan, Horace Mann Bond II, Michael Julian Bond (an at-large member of Atlanta's City Council), Jeffrey Alvin Bond, and Julia "Cookie" Louise Bond. He married Pamela Sue Horowitz, a former SPLC staff attorney, in 1990.[57]
Bond hosted Saturday Night Live on April 9, 1977, becoming the first black political figure to host the television show. In 1978, Bond played himself in the miniseries King.[55] He also had a small appearance in the movie Ray (2004).[56]
From 1980 to 1997, Bond hosted America's Black Forum.[28] He was also a commentator for radio's Byline and NBC's The Today Show.[53] He authored the nationally syndicated newspaper column Viewpoint,[35] and narrated the critically acclaimed PBS series Eyes on the Prize in 1987 and 1990.[54]
In 2012, Bond was centrally featured in Julian Bond: Reflections from the Frontlines of the Civil Rights Movement, a documentary film by Eduardo Montes-Bradley.[51][52]
On May 14, 2013, while on MSNBC, Bond called the Tea Party the "Taliban wing of American politics."[50] Bond told MSNBC, "I think it's entirely legitimate to look at the Tea Party." But he also said, "It was wrong for the IRS to behave in this heavy-handed manner. They didn't explain it well before or now what they're doing and why they're doing it." He called Tea Party members "a group of people who are admittedly racist, who are overtly political, who've tried as best as they can to harm President Obama in every way they can." He added, "We all ought to be a little worried about them."[50]
Bond was a strong critic of the Bush administration from its assumption of office in 2001, in large part because Bond believed the administration was illegitimate. Twice that year, first in February to the NAACP board and then in July at that organization's national convention, he attacked the administration for selecting Cabinet secretaries "from the Taliban wing of American politics". Bond specifically targeted Attorney General John Ashcroft, who had opposed affirmative action, and Interior Secretary Gale Norton, who defended the Confederacy in a 1996 speech on states' rights. In the selection of these individuals, Bond said, Bush had appeased "the wretched appetites of the extreme right wing and chosen Cabinet officials whose devotion to the Confederacy is nearly canine in its uncritical affection." Then House Majority Leader Dick Armey responded to Bond's statement with a letter accusing NAACP leaders of "racial McCarthyism."[49] Bond later added at the annual NAACP convention that year, that since Bush's election he had "had his picture taken with more black people than voted for him."[49]
He was a strong critic of policies that contribute to anthropogenic climate change and was amongst a group of protesters arrested at the White House for civil disobedience in opposition to the Keystone XL pipeline in February 2013.[48]
On October 11, 2009, Bond appeared at the National Equality March in Washington, D.C., and spoke about the rights of the LGBT community, a speech which was aired live on C-SPAN.[46][47]
In a 2007 speech on the Martin Luther King Day Celebration at Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), which was partially blamed for the success of the gay marriage ban amendment in California.[45]
Bond was an outspoken supporter of the rights of gays and lesbians. He publicly stated his support for same-sex marriage. Most notably, he boycotted the funeral services for Coretta Scott King on the grounds that the King children had chosen an anti-gay megachurch as the venue. This was in conflict with their mother's longstanding support for the rights of gay and lesbian people.[43] In a 2005 speech in Richmond, Virginia, Bond stated:
In 1998, Bond was selected as chairman of the NAACP. In November 2008, he announced that he would not seek another term as chairman.[41] Bond agreed to stay on in the position through 2009, as the organization celebrated its 100th anniversary. Roslyn M. Brock was chosen as Bond's successor on February 20, 2010.[42]
Bond became the first president of the Southern Poverty Law Center[39] in 1971. He served until 1979, remaining a board member and president emeritus for the rest of his life.[40]
After leaving politics, Bond taught at several universities in major cities in the North and South, including American,[35] Drexel,[36] Harvard,[37] and the University of Virginia, where he taught until 2012.[28] Bond was on the Board of Selectors of Jefferson Awards for Public Service.[38]
[28] Bond's estranged wife, who publicly accused him of using cocaine, later retracted her statements.[34][33] Bond ran for the
During the Democratic National Convention in Chicago, where he became the first African American to be nominated as a major-party candidate for Vice President of the United States. The 28-year-old Bond quickly declined nomination, citing the constitutional requirement that one must be at least 35 years of age to serve in that office.[27][28]
Bond went on to be elected for six terms in the Georgia Senate, in which he served from 1975 to 1987.[26]
Throughout his House career, Bond's district was repeatedly redistricted:
In January 1967, Bond was among eleven House members who refused to vote when the legislature elected Lieutenant Governor Peter Zack Geer.[22]
[21] In 1965, Bond was one of eleven
He returned in 1971 at age 31 to complete his Bachelor of Arts in English.[13] With Morris Dees, Bond helped found the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC), a public-interest law firm based in Montgomery, Alabama.[14] He served as its president from 1971 to 1979.[15] Bond was an emeritus member of the Southern Poverty Law Center board of directors at his death.[16]
[12]
African American, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Discrimination, Nation of Islam, Democratic Party (United States)
Barack Obama, Bill Clinton, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Lyndon B. Johnson, Politics
Martin Luther King, Jr., U2, Malcolm X, Antioch College, Ronald Reagan
Black Panther Party, Maryland, Stokely Carmichael, H. Rap Brown, James Bevel